Starting the Aircraft
This guide will assist you with starting your aircraft. It includes images to assist you with understanding the locations of all buttons and switches.
Disclaimer
The level of detail in this guide is meant to teach a FlyByWire A320neo beginner to start the aircraft correctly.
A beginner is defined as someone familiar with flying a GA aircraft or different types of airliners. Aviation terminology and know-how is a requirement to fly any airliner, even in Microsoft Flight Simulator.
You will find many great videos on YouTube on how to fly the FlyByWire A32NX.
Check out the FlyByWire YouTube Channel as well: FlyByWire on YouTube
Chapters / Phases
This guide will cover these chapters in order:
Prerequisites
The aircraft is in a cold and dark state at a gate.
Cockpit Preparation
To start off, we will begin by doing a few pre-checks in all areas of the cockpit to ensure the aircraft is in a normal position before turning on the batteries.
We begin by looking down at the bottom pedestal.
- Place the Parking Brake handle in the
ONposition - Ensure the Speed Brakes have been disarmed/retracted
- Flaps are retracted
- Weather Radar is switched off
- Engine Masters 1 and 2 are in the
OFFposition - Engine Mode selector is set to
NORM - Thrust Levers are idle
We then direct our attention to the main panel and make sure the following is set:
- Gear Lever is down
Then we look up at the overhead panel. Make sure the following are in the set position before moving on to starting the aircraft:
- Wiper selectors are in the
OFFposition
Overhead Panel
Electrical section
Batteries
We begin with turning on batteries BAT 1 AND 2. We will hear chimes indicating the batteries are on.
Batteries only power a small part of the aircraft. For the rest, either ground power, APU or a running engine is required.
Ground Power
If ground power is available, we should see a green AVAIL light on the EXT PWR button. Push on this button to give power to the aircraft.
Ground Power Not Available
Some gates or stands are not equipped with ground power. In Microsoft Flight Simulator, this happens regularly at smaller airports. This is not a bug, but a realistic situation. You can then either try to call a Ground Power Unit (GPU) if available at the airport or just use the APU as described in the next step.
Flight Warning System Initialization
Various aspects of this system is being reworked and it may not function as intended. This section will be updated once the rework is complete.
The Flight Warning System (FWS) is a system that monitors the aircraft and alerts the crew of any abnormalities. The FWS initializes as soon as AC Bus power (External Power or APU) becomes available.
The initialization takes about 50 seconds and is indicated by the FWS FWC 1+2 FAULT message on the ECAM. The message will disappear, and various alarms may play once the initialization is complete.
Some cockpit setup steps should not be done before this initialization is complete. Especially, the fire tests should not be done before this initialization is complete.
APU Fire Test
Before starting the APU, we should do a fire test. This is done by pressing and holding the TEST button on the fire panel.
If external power is available, the fire test will light up the Fire Extinguish button and the Squib Discharge button on the fire panel, and the ECAM will show the appropriate warnings.
If external power is not available at this point, we do a battery only fire test. In this case, only the fire panel buttons will show the test lights. The ECAM remains dark.
APU
We now start the APU. Without external power, this will provide us with electrical power to set up the aircraft. The startup typically lasts about 1 minute.
To do this, we simply push on the APU MASTER SW and START. The APU should be on within one minute.
COVID SOP
Many airlines require the air conditioning to be running before passengers enter the aircraft, and remain on until deboarding is complete to ensure proper air circulation. Therefore, turning on the APU even with ground power is now required, as the air conditioning packs need the APU Bleed air to function whenever the engines are not running. Especially if a ground air conditioning unit is not available.
Make sure to turn on APU Bleed on the overhead panel.
Engine Start
APU Bleed Air is required for starting the engines. See Engine Start and Taxi
Real World APU and A/C Start Procedure
The above process is a simplified version of how real-world airlines start up the APU (documented in their SOP - Standard Operating Procedures).
Here is a description of an actual, real-world procedure of a well-known airline.
- Check A/C Packs are OFF before powering the aircraft
- Set APU MASTER switch to ON
- Press APU START
- The APS3200 APU equipped on the A32NX is able to activate the start signal during its self-test sequence after power-up, so there is no need to wait after pressing the master switch. Some A320s are equipped with a different APU that requires approximately a 3-second wait before the start button becomes operative.
- Wait until APU START button shows "AVAIL" (or check on lower ECAM APU page)
- Wait 1 min (use CHRONO to time this)
- Set APU BLEED to ON
- Wait 1 min (use CHRONO to time this)
- Set PACK 1 to ON (due to COVID, many airlines require both A/C PACKS to be ON)
The two waiting steps are to avoid any APU oil fumes to get into the air conditioning.
Crew Oxygen Supply
After powering the aircraft, we turn on the crew oxygen supply by pushing on the button, diminishing the white OFF light.
ADIRS alignment
To align the Inertial Reference System (or IRS), we turn the 3 knobs to the NAV position. This will then start the IRS alignment, for which we can view the progress on the ECAM display.
Exterior Lighting
To indicate that the aircraft is powered from the exterior, we turn on the NAV & LOGO light.
Following this, we set the STROBE light to the AUTO position.
Tip
Overview of External Lighting configurations
Interior Lighting
Cabin
We can turn on a few lights to help with visibility inside if it is too dark inside the cockpit.
- The
DOMElight has 3 settings to choose from. We can set it into theOFFposition, theDIMposition, or even theBRTposition. - The
OVHD INTEG LTwill allow us to see the outlines of the overhead panel. Turning the knob will adjust its brightness.
Passenger Signs
- Seat belts sign -
Set to ON - No smoking sign -
Set to AUTO - Arm the emergency exit lights -
Set to ARM
Real World Procedure
The Seat Belts sign is not turned on until fueling is complete.
Cabin Pressure
Looking up just a bit, we find the LDG ELEV knob. This simply means the landing elevation, which should be in the AUTO position.
Cabin Temperature
Managing the temperatures of the cabin is necessary as well. Simply rotate the 3 knobs as needed.
Hydraulic and Fuel Section
Looking up at the hydraulic panel, we ensure that there are no white lights visible.
Just below the hydraulic panel, we find the fuel panel. Turn on all 6 fuel pumps until the white OFF light is no longer visible.
ENG Fire Test
To perform an engine fire test, hold down the TEST button for each of them for 5 seconds minimum to ensure the lights and aural warnings are working as expected. Checking the ECAM during the test will also show if the ECAM is performing as expected during a fire.
Main Panel
Displays
The brightness for each display can be adjusted to make them more readable.
For the PFD and ND, the knobs are in the same location. Look left (or right when in first officer seat) of the PFD and find the brightness knobs for them. Simply turn both knobs as required.
For the ECAM upper and lower display, look just in front of the throttles and find the brightness knobs. Just like the PFD and ND knobs, rotate them as required.
For the ISIS display brightness (just left of the upper ECAM), use the + and - buttons until the brightness is suitable. While we are at the ISIS display, set the current QNH.
Radio Panel
Looking down at the radio panel, set the RMP 1 to the active ATIS frequency and set the standby frequency to the ground frequency.
After setting correct frequencies, locate the BARO reference on the glareshield. We can set the barometer to either inHg or hPa by turning the gray inner selector behind the knob. For this flight, ensure that we are set to QNH. This can be changed by "pushing" on the BARO knob (the tooltip will have an upwards arrow).
A note on QNH and QFE
Choosing between using QNH and QFE is a little beyond the scope of this guide. In most cases, we will be flying using QNH.
-
QNH: Altimeter indicates height above sea level.
-
QFE: Altimeter indicates height above reference elevation in use (airfield or touchdown). This setting is usually tied to a procedure in use by the airfield, where when on the ground the altimeter will read 0.
Just below the barometer reference, turn on the FD. A green light indicates it has been turned on.
ECAM Fuel Page
Verify on the Upper ECAM that your aircraft has enough fuel for the flight.
If we do not have enough fuel for the flight, we can refuel via the flyPad EFB Fuel Page .
At this point, we would have completed 5/7 task on the Before Start section on the FlyByWire A32NX checklist.
This concludes the Starting the Aircraft guide.
Continue with Preparing the MCDU.